Who runs this IP or domain?

IP location comes from databases that map address blocks to places. It is usually right about the country and often about the city, but it shows where the network is routed from, not where a person is.

The address belongs to a hosting, cloud, CDN or VPN company rather than a home or mobile internet provider. Websites, APIs and VPN exits usually look like this.

From RDAP, the official replacement for WHOIS, asked directly of the registry that runs the domain's extension (or the regional registry for an IP). We find the right registry using IANA's directory. Many registries hide owner details for privacy, so you'll see the registrar and dates rather than a person's name. Some country extensions don't offer RDAP yet.

The name an IP's owner has attached to it, if any. ISPs often use it to label customer lines; servers use it for email reputation.